Personalized incentives with constrained regulator's budget

Abstract

We consider a regulator driving individual choices towards increasing social welfare by providing personal incentives. We formalise and solve this problem by maximising social welfare under a budget constraint. The personalised incentives depend on the alternatives available to each individual and on her preferences. A polynomial time approximation algorithm computes a policy within few seconds. We analytically prove that it is boundedly close to the optimum. We efficiently calculate the curve of social welfare achievable for each value of budget within a given range. This curve can be useful for the regulator to decide the appropriate amount of budget to invest. We extend our formulation to enforcement, taxation and non-personalised-incentive policies. We analytically show that our personalised-incentive policy is also optimal within this class of policies and construct close-to-optimal enforcement and proportional tax-subsidy policies. We then compare analytically and numerically our policy with other state-of-the-art policies. Finally, we simulate a large-scale application to mode choice to reduce CO₂ emissions.

Keywords

@article{JavaudinAraldoDePalma2023,
author = {Lucas Javaudin, Andrea Araldo and André de Palma},
title = {Personalised incentives with constrained regulator's budget},
journal = {Transportmetrica A: Transport Science},
volume = {0},
number = {0},
pages = {1-43},
year = {2023},
publisher = {Taylor & Francis},
doi = {10.1080/23249935.2023.2284353},
URL = {https://doi.org/10.1080/23249935.2023.2284353},
eprint = {https://doi.org/10.1080/23249935.2023.2284353},
}